The Archaic period saw developments in Greek politics, economics, international relations, warfare, and culture. It also laid the groundwork for the classical period, both politically and culturally.
During this time, the Greek alphabet developed, and the earliest surviving Greek literature was composed. Monumental sculpture and red-figure pottery also developed in Greece, and in Athens, the earliest institutions of democracy were implemented. Some written accounts of life exist from this time period in the form of poetry, law codes, inscriptions on votive offerings, and epigrams inscribed on tombs. However, thorough written histories, such as those that exist from the Greek classical period, are lacking.
Historians do have access to rich archaeological evidence from this period, however, that informs our understanding of Greek life during the Archaic period. Sparta was ruled by two kings, the 28 Council of Elders, who held the position for life, and five ephors, ordinary Spartans elected to this position.
The ephors could bring charges against either king, and they could have a king removed from Sparta. Spartan kings led the army. Each king could veto, or forbid, a decision made by the other king.
Colonization, Trade and Coins The Greeks began to colonize and settle in areas outside of the Greek mainland during the Archaic Period. What Greeks valued in the Archaic Period To understand Solon's reply, we need to understand the greatest change during the Archaic Period, the rise of the polis, or Greek city-state. Tyrants and Tyranny Now that the farmers were serving as soldiers, they started to demand a say in government.
Oligarchy After a tyrant was overthrown the Greek polis did not go back to the rule of the aristocracy, instead the new farmer class was given a say in government. Democracy and Athens The Athenian assembly met every ten days to vote on issues.
All citizens, rich or poor, partipated in government. There are two ostraca broken pieces of pottery used for an ostracism, at the bottom. The Spartans created a military state, where all Spartan men trained to be soldiers. A Greek soldier is called a hoplite, named after the round shield they carry, called a hoplon.
The Peloponnese, the southern part of Greece. Laconia is the land of the Spartans. Giotto's Site Penfield. Mister Giotto's Home Page. Class notes. Giotto's Online Textbook. The Stone Ages. Ancient Mesopotamia. Ancient Egypt. Ancient Greece ». The Minoan Civilization. The Mycenaean Civilization. The Archaic Period. The Persian Wars. The Classical Period.
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My Links. In the urban as well as the religious centres, city-states and their tyrants, such as Peisistratus in Athens and Polycrates on Samos competed with each other in the establishment of imposing edifices and the implementation of public building programmes. The rapid growth of trade, particularly with the East, and the colonization, namely the foundation of colonies and trading stations across the Mediterranean coasts, resulted in the widespread use of the alphabet it had already been imported in the 8th century BC by the Phoenicians and coinage that had been invented by the Lydians in order to facilitate trade relations.
The adaptation of the alphabet to the Greek dialects, apart from serving commercial purposes, led to the dissemination of writing, with the documentation of the Homeric epics, the emergence of lyric poetry, the first attempt to record history systematically logographers and the endeavour to comprehend the Cosmos Ionian natural philosophers. The encounter of the Greeks with the eastern civilizations enriched the Greek art with new expressive means.
Over the centuries, the Acropolis was many things: a home to kings, a Few monuments in the world are more recognizable than the Parthenon.
Sitting atop a limestone hill rising some feet above the Ilissos Valley in Athens, this soaring marble temple built in tribute to the goddess Athena brings the glory of ancient Greece into the modern world. The Parthenon is a resplendent marble temple built between and B. Dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena, the Parthenon sits high atop a compound of temples known as the Acropolis of Athens. Throughout the centuries, the The classical period was an era of war and conflict—first between the Greeks and the Persians, then between the In B.
By the time he died 13 years later, Alexander had built an empire that stretched from Greece all the way to India. That brief but thorough empire-building campaign changed the world: It spread For almost 30 centuries—from its unification around B. From the great pyramids of the Old Kingdom through the military conquests of the New Ancient Greek ruins that survive today are among the most iconic landmarks in the world.
Grand structures like the Acropolis in Athens are a testament to a culture defined by advancement and innovation, especially in art and architecture. In the middle of 5th The amazing works of art and architecture known as the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World serve as a testament to the ingenuity, imagination and sheer hard work of which human beings are capable.
They are also, however, reminders of the human capacity for disagreement,
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